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Understanding Social Loafing: The Role of Justice Perceptions and Exchange Relationships

California Lutheran University School of Business, Thousand Oaks, CA, murphy{at}clunet.edu

Sandy J. Wayne

Department of Management of the Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia in Athens, sjwayne{at}terry.uga.edu

Robert C. Liden

Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia in Athens, rliden{at}terry.uga.edu

Berrin Erdogan

Portland State University School of Business, Oregon, berrine{at}sba.pdx.edu

We proposed that the social exchange relationships individuals form in the workplace would mediate the relation between perceptions of interactional and distributive justice and social loafing. Specifically, we argued that both leader-member exchanges (LMX) and team-member exchanges (TMX) would mediate the relation between interactional justice and social loafing, and that LMX would mediate the relation between distributive justice and social loafing. In a field study, 124 manufacturing employees responded to questionnaires and their immediate supervisors were interviewed. The results indicated significant relationships between interactional justice and LMX, and between interactional justice and TMX. LMX, but not TMX, was negatively related to social loafing. Distributive justice was not significantly related to LMX. Thus no support was found for LMX as a mediator of the relationship between distributive justice and social loafing.

Key Words: distributive justice • interactional justice • LMX • social loafing • TMX

Human Relations, Vol. 56, No. 1, 61-84 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0018726703056001450


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