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Human Relations
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The Effects of Pay Systems on Blue-Collar Employees' Emotional Distress: The Mediating Effects of Objective and Subjective Work Monotony

Arie Shirom

Faculty of Management, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39010, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel ashirom{at}ccsg.tau.ac.il

Mina Westman

Faculty of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Samuel Melamed

Occupational Health and Rehabilitation Institute, Loewenstein Hospital, Israel.

We hypothesized that employees' emotional distress would be affected by the degree to which their payment was contingent upon individual performance. Respondents were 2747 blue-collar employees in 21 factories in Israel. They completed questionnaires on company time. We found that, in comparison with those who were paid only according to time worked, being on a performance-contingent pay system was associated with higher levels of depression and somatic complaints, but not of anxiety. As expected, these effects were partially mediated by the extent to which the respondents' work was monotonous.

Key Words: pay systems • piece rate • monotony • depression • somatic complaints • anxiety

Human Relations, Vol. 52, No. 8, 1077-1097 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/001872679905200805
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