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The Interpersonal Circumplex: A Theory and Method for Applied Psychology

School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B1521T, U.K.

The major properties of the interpersonal circumplex model, and measurement procedures that accompany it, are described. It is suggested that the model and procedures can handle social interaction at a variety of levels from micro to macro, and are ideally suited to studying the interface between interpersonal behavior and social structure. Areas of present and potential application are described including psychotherapy and family processes, conflict and conciliation, consultation and advocacy, autonomy and leadership. Some methodological and substantive problems and issues pertaining to the model and measurement procedures are discussed and some possible extensions to the model proposed. These include the need to further incorporate socio-emotional variables into the model; the possibility of using the model to describe social settings; and the need to modify the classic theory of interpersonal complementarity.

Key Words: circumplex • complementarity • dominance • hostility • friendliness • submission

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